cs 152  buses.20
©DAP & SIK 1995
Multiple Potential Bus Masters: the Need for Arbitration
°Bus arbitration scheme:
•A bus master  wanting  to use the bus asserts the bus request
•A bus master cannot use the bus until its request is granted
•A bus master must signal to the arbiter after finish using the bus
°Bus arbitration schemes usually try to balance two factors:
•Bus priority: the highest priority device should be serviced first
•Fairness: Even the lowest priority device should never
                 be completely locked out from the bus
°Bus arbitration schemes can be divided into four broad classes:
•Distributed arbitration by self-selection: each device wanting the bus places a code indicating its identity on the bus.
•Distributed arbitration by collision detection: Ethernet uses this.
•Daisy chain arbitration: see next slide.
•Centralized, parallel arbitration: see next-next slide